Publication:

A cross-sectional study on the key risk factors affecting farmers’ mental health

Background Amidst fluctuating commodity prices and disrupted processing methods, farmers face escalating costs, including healthcare and property taxes. Disturbingly, the suicide rate among farmers is 3.5 times higher than that of the general population. This study addressed the critical gap in understanding the key risk factors influencing farmers’ mental health. The study aimed to identify the risk factors affecting farmers’ mental health, explore the root causes of their depression and anxiety, and provide essential management education tailored for them.

Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted with 153 farmers, collecting demographic details and conducting interviews to assess their financial status, health, and years of farming experience. Education on managing stress and anxiety was provided as part of the intervention.

Results From January to October 2023, 153 farmers (120 males, 30 females) were interviewed. Of these, 95 reported experiencing depression, with varying degrees of severity: 30.9% mild, 22.1% moderate, 10.1% moderate to severe, and 2% severe. The age group most affected was 36–50 years. Key risk factors identified were financial stress, smoking, and alcohol consumption.

Conclusions The study underscored significant public health concerns, revealing that factors such as age, working hours, and financial stress critically impact farmers’ mental health. Poor self-care, neglect of medical advice, and high rates of comorbidities among farmers highlight the need for targeted health interventions. Educating farmers on stress management and regular medical care is essential for improving their overall well-being, sustaining the agricultural workforce, and ensuring food security.