Publication:

Perception of polycystic ovary syndrome in relation to fertility among women of reproductive age in Ekiti State, Nigeria: a cross-sectional study

Background Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common endocrine disorders affecting women of reproductive age and is associated with infertility, metabolic disorders, and adverse psychosocial outcomes. Despite its health implications, awareness and perception of PCOS remain inadequate in many low- and middle-income countries, including Nigeria. This study assessed the knowledge, perception, sources of information, and socio-demographic factors associated with knowledge and perception of PCOS among women of reproductive age in Ekiti State, Nigeria.

Methods This community-based cross-sectional analytical study was conducted among 388 women aged 18-49 years using a multistage sampling technique from selected communities in Ekiti State, Nigeria. Data were collected using a structured, interviewer-administered questionnaire comprising socio-demographic characteristics, knowledge, perception, and health-seeking behaviour related to PCOS. Knowledge was assessed using 15 items, while perception was evaluated using 10 Likert-scale statements. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize respondents' characteristics, knowledge, perception, and sources of information. Associations between socio-demographic characteristics, knowledge and perception levels were determined using Pearson's chi-square test at a significance level of p 0.05).

Conclusions Women of reproductive age demonstrated moderate overall knowledge and perception of PCOS, with substantial gaps in understanding its long-term health consequences. Digital media emerged as the predominant source of health information, highlighting its potential as an effective platform for PCOS awareness campaigns.