Publication:

Severe pre-eclampsia in the gynecology and obstetrics department of the CHR of Koudougou: epidemiological, clinical, therapeutic and prognostic aspects

Background To study the epidemiological, clinical, therapeutic and prognostic aspects of severe pre-eclampsia in the gynecology and obstetrics department of the CHR of Koudougou.

Methods descriptive cross-sectional study with prospective collection from January 1 to December 31, 2018. The variables studied focused on clinical socio-demographic characteristics, treatment and prognosis. The women admitted to the department and meeting the criteria for severe pre-eclampsia were included, more than 20 weeks of amenorrhea with an increase in blood pressure, presence of albumin in the urine and signs of clinical or biological seriousness.

Results Severe pre-eclampsia represented 2.3% of admissions and 3% of deliveries. The clinical profile was that of a young housewife (51.2%), married (72.4%), nulliparous (44.1%) with a pregnancy in the 3rd trimester. Symptoms were dominated by headache (53.5%) and diastolic blood pressure ≥110 mmHg (66.9%), with albuminuria greater than two crosses and hyperuricemia. Magnesium sulfate and clonidine were the most commonly prescribed anticonvulsant and antihypertensive drug, respectively. Cesarean section was performed in 53% of cases.Maternal complications were noted in 57.5% of cases without death. However, the fetus took a heavy toll with 50.7% morbidity and 14% perinatal mortality.

Conclusions Severe pre-eclampsia is responsible for heavy morbidity - perinatal mortality. Improving maternal and fetal prognosis will require compliance with treatment protocols and greater accessibility of care at all levels of the health pyramid.