Publication:

A study of patients with hypertensive disorders in pregnancy and their fetomaternal outcomes at tertiary care center: a retrospective study

Background Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) are a major cause of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality worldwide, particularly in developing countries. These disorders complicate 5-10% of pregnancies and are associated with adverse fetomaternal outcomes. Objectives were to study the clinical profile of HDP and to evaluate their associated maternal and fetal outcomes at a tertiary care center.

Methods This retrospective observational study was conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology at a Cama and Albless Hospital over a period of 6 months. Pregnant women with gestational age ≥20 weeks diagnosed with HDP were included. Data regarding maternal age, parity, gestational age at admission, type of hypertensive disorder, mode of delivery, maternal complications, and fetal outcomes were collected and analyzed using descriptive statistics.

Results A total of 30 women with HDP were studied. The majority of patients were in the age group of 25-34 years, with 40% being primigravidae. Gestational hypertension was the most common hypertensive disorder (63.3%), followed by Preeclampsia (16.7%) and eclampsia (3.3%). Cesarean section was performed in 86.7% cases. Common maternal complications included severe preeclampsia, eclampsia, placental abruption, and HELLP syndrome. Low birth weight in 0%, and NICU admission in 16.7% of neonates and no stillbirths were observed.

Conclusions HDP are associated with significant maternal and perinatal morbidity. Early diagnosis, close antenatal surveillance, and timely referral to tertiary care centers are crucial in improving fetomaternal outcomes.