Publication:

Maternal and neonatal outcomes of gestational diabetes mellitus: a retrospective study at a tertiary care centre

Background Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a prevalent metabolic disorder during pregnancy associated with adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes. This study aimed to assess neonatal complications associated with GDM and compare outcomes between modes of delivery.

Methods This retrospective study was conducted at Cama and Albless Hospital, Mumbai, over one year (June 2024 to May 2025). Sixty-eight pregnant women diagnosed with GDM were included. Demographic, maternal, and neonatal data were analyzed.

Results Mean maternal age was 29.6±4.5 years; 61.8% were multigravida. Of 68 patients, 48 (70.5%) underwent lower segment caesarean section and 20 (29.5%) had normal vaginal delivery. Neonatal complications included hypoglycemia (26.5%), macrosomia (22%), and NICU admission (32.4%). Complications were more frequent in the cesarean group.

Conclusions GDM remains a significant risk factor for neonatal morbidity. Early screening, consistent antenatal monitoring, and adherence to standardized management protocols can help mitigate these risks.