Publication:

An obstetric outcomes in women with and without one previous spontaneous abortion: a comparative study

Background Spontaneous abortion is defined as the spontaneous loss of pregnancy before the foetus reaches viability. Two key factors associated with an increased risk of miscarriage are a woman's age and a history of previous miscarriages Studies suggest that a history of miscarriage may raise the risk of PIH, FGR, PROM, threatened abortion, preterm labour, low birth weight, etc. in subsequent pregnancies. Hence, pregnancies with prior history of spontaneous abortions should be considered as high-risk pregnancies and effective precautions are to be taken.

Methods A case-control study was undertaken on 52 cases and 52 controls to evaluate and compare the adverse outcomes in women who had a single previous spontaneous abortion immediately preceding the present pregnancy (cases) and those who haven’t(controls).

Results 86.54% of cases were booked and only 65.38% from controls were booked. Antenatal factors strongly associated with previous spontaneous abortion are FGR, threatened abortion and PROM. LSCS was the most common mode of delivery in both groups suggesting that previous abortion did not become an indication of LSCS in case group. 65.12% of patients who received progesterone support reached full-term.

Conclusions Women with a history of previous one spontaneous abortion are at an increased risk of developing complications in the next pregnancy. Adverse complications and foetal loss can be reduced by giving proper antenatal care in terms of increased awareness, early antenatal care initiation and effective timely intervention, like in this scenario, use of progesterone support and its usage was observed to be a boon.