Publication:

Clinicopathological analysis of AUB in perimenopausal and postmenopausal women in cancer care centre: special reference to carcinoma endometrium

Background Abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) may be defined as any variation from normal menstrual cycle including alteration in its regularity, frequency, duration of flow and amount of blood loss. Postmenopausal bleeding is a danger sign for malignancy. The study aimed to study the histopathology spectrum of hysterectomy specimens and bleeding patterns in perimenopausal women and postmenopausal women.

Methods It was a retrospective observational study done at Government Medical College and Cancer Hospital, Aurangabad (MS) from January 2017 to January 2021. Total sample size was 100 women. Perimenopausal and postmenopausal women undergoing hysterectomy were analysed for the age, parity, etieology, histology and the malignant changes.

Results 22 cases of AUB were observed in the age group of less than 40 years. 56% cases presented with heavy menstrual bleeding 58% cases had prolonged menstrual bleeding. 36% cases had endometrial cause (harmonal disturbances), 12 % had endometrial polyp and 35 cases out of 100 had endometrial carcinoma. Both type 1 and type 2 cases of carcinoma endometrium are seen in this study.

Conclusions Excessive uterine bleeding is a common gynaecological problem in all age groups with significant patient morbidity. The spectrum of endometrial lesions seen in AUB and cancer cases shows that the histopathological examination of endometrium is gold standard diagnostic tool in evaluation of AUB and postmenopausal bleeding and there is an age specific association of endometrial lesions.