Publication:

Epidemiological characterization of raw areas at the hospital general de México: a 4-year retrospective analysis

Background To identify the epidemiological characteristics of raw areas at the Hospital General de México.

Methods An observational, cross-sectional and descriptive study was conducted to describe the presentation and management characteristics of raw areas at the Hospital General de México from January 1, 2022, to December 31, 2025. Variables included age, gender, occupation, affected area, wound classification and treatment. A non-probability sample was obtained from a 4-year retrospective review. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics with the SPSS v26.0 statistical package.

Results A total of 306 patients were selected. The predominant age group was 21 to 40 years (n=113, 36.9%), 200 (65%) were male and 103 (33.7%) were employees. Observed comorbidities included allergies in 54 (17.6%) and fractures in 29 (9.5%). The most affected areas were the head (n=76, 24.8%) and the right thigh (n=33, 10.8%). Wounds involving bone accounted for 110 cases (36.3%), while muscle involvement was seen in 107 (35.3%). Cultures identified Staphylococcus aureus in 97 (31.7%) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa in 91 (29.7%). Pain was reported by 205 (68%) patients. Initial treatment consisted of surgical cleansing and debridement in 206 (67.3%); definitive treatment included advanced dressing placement in 104 (34%) and skin graft harvesting and application in 89 (29.1%).

Conclusions Male patients predominated, with the head being the most frequently affected area. Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were the most common pathogens. The primary initial treatment was surgical cleansing and the leading definitive treatment was advanced dressing placement.