Publication:

Foetal and neonatal outcomes in gestational diabetes mellitus

Background GDM has gained global importance because of its rising prevalence. Increasing prevalence of GDM especially among youngsters has been associated with increased complications associated with it.

Methods A case control study conducted from October 2010 to August 2012. 100 ladies diagnosed with gestational diabetes and 100 ladies without gestational diabetes representing the general population were selected and followed till delivery. Foetal and neonatal complications in them were studied.

Results Occurrence of macrosomia was 1% more in GDM group compared to control group. There was no still birth or respiratory distress syndrome in either group. Congenital anomaly was same 1% in either group. Preterm labour was 9% in GDM group compared to 4% in control group. Operative vaginal delivery (forceps and vacuum) was 6% in both groups. Rate of caesarean delivery was 28% in GDM group compared to 19% in control group.

Conclusions The rate of adverse outcomes has seen lot of changes, which was high in earlier days. With increasing prevalence of GDM there is a threat for these complications to again increase. With good monitoring and treatment the adverse outcomes of GDM are not more than that of general population.