Publication:

Co-relation of abnormal DIPSI values to feto-maternal outcome: an observational study

Background Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is linked to adverse feto-maternal outcomes. This study evaluates the effectiveness of the Diabetes in Pregnancy Study Group India (DIPSI) guidelines as an affordable, one-step universal screening and diagnostic tool.

Methods This prospective study evaluated 107 pregnant women aged 18–40. The data was collected from November 2022 to April 2024. Participants with abnormal DIPSI results underwent a confirmatory 75g WHO OGTT (2013). Third-trimester ultrasound findings and labor outcomes were analyzed.

Results At 24–28 weeks, 51.4% of subjects were diagnosed with GDM via DIPSI and confirmed by WHO OGTT. Major maternal-fetal complications included preeclampsia (42%), fetal AC >90th centile (33.3%), preterm labor (23%), and polyhydramnios (22%). The primary delivery mode was Caesarean section (60%), driven by ERCD (34.3%) and fetal distress (18.7%). Mean neonatal birth weight was 2.94 kg. Significant neonatal morbidities included hypoglycemia (43%), phototherapy (43%), NICU admission (42%), shoulder dystocia (5.5%), and IUFD (2%). DIPSI values significantly correlated with neonatal hypoglycemia (p<0.05), but not with fetal AC centiles or polyhydramnios.

Conclusion All patients with abnormal DIPSI values had at least one abnormal WHO OGTT value, demonstrating DIPSI's strong sensitivity and specificity. DIPSI serves as a cost- and time-effective single-step tool to identify GDM and enable timely intervention to improve feto-maternal outcomes.