Publication:

Maternal and fetal outcome in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus

Background Women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) are expected to have increased risk for the development of gestational hypertension or pre-eclampsia. GDM is associated with an increased risk of maternal and fetal complications. Aims and objectives were to study the maternal and fetal outcome in patients with GDM.

Methods A retrospective cohort study was conducted in SMGS hospital, GMC Jammu over a period of nine months from January 2020 to September 2020. A total of 278 patients were recruited in the study and divided into two groups group A consists of 139 patients with GDM and group B comprises 139 patients without GDM. Maternal and neonatal complications were noted.

Results The women with GDM had higher BMI. The 18% of the women had BOH. The 315 had associated hypertension. The 56% women with GDM had vaginal delivery as compared to 77% in women without GDM. Shoulder dystocia was reported in 2% women in GDM group, while no case was reported in another group. The 18% of the neonate born to mother with GDM required NICU admission and 4 fetal death were reported, while no fetal death was reported in another group.

Conclusions Early screening for gestational diabetes especially in high risk patients should be done for a better maternal and neonatal outcome. Pregnant women with GDM should deliver at health facilities to properly manage any complication if occurs during delivery.