Publication:

Determinants of low back pain in Port Harcourt

Background There are several known risk factors of low back pain. In Port Harcourt traditional beliefs/myths about low back pain aetiology exist, hence the need for this study. The objectives of this study are to determine the risk factors for low back pain, validate or debunk traditional beliefs and propose preventive measures where possible.

Methods This was a questionnaire based cross-sectional study design carried out in Port Harcourt. Study population were 411 residents 18 years and above who gave verbal consent. Data were analysed using IBM SPSS version 25.

Results The point prevalence of low back pain was 78%. The male to female ratio of the respondents was 1:1.25 with 61.1% of ages 20-45years. Low back pain was commoner, 91.7% among participants 65 years and above. Several variables, age (p value 0.014), pregnancy and delivery (p value 0.001), frequent sexual intercourse (p value 0.003), occupation as a trader ((p value 0.034), improper sitting posture (p value 0.008), been married (p value 0.003) and use of mattresses (p value 0.001) were associated with low back pain.

Conclusions This study debunked the association of vaginal delivery, epidural analgesia, family history and parity with low back pain. It validates the belief that pregnancy and delivery, frequent sexual intercourse, occupation, improper sitting posture and use of soft mattresses were associated with low back pain. We propose use of firm mattresses and proper sitting posture as preventive measures for low back pain.