International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health

Reddy KM et al. Int J Community Med Public Health. 2023 Dec;10(12):4690-4693

http://www.ijcmph.com

pISSN 2394-6032 | eISSN 2394-6040

Original Research Article

DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20233764

Vaccination coverage against COVID-19 among adults of rural field practice area, tertiary-care hospital: cross-sectional study

Kamuni Madhuri Reddy*, M. A. M. Pasha, Afsar Fatima

Department of Community Medicine, Santhiram Medical College and General Hospital, Nandyal, Andhra Pradesh, India

Received: 08 February 2023

Revised: 11 August 2023

Accepted: 15 November 2023

*Correspondence:

Dr. Kamuni Madhuri Reddy,

E-mail: madhurireddy4864@gmail.com

Copyright: © the author(s), publisher and licensee Medip Academy. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License, which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

ABSTRACT

Background: As the spread of COVID-19 pandemic, lockdown has been implemented and as a preventive measure to reduce the occurrence of disease vaccination has been conducted throughout the country level.

Methods: A Community based Cross Sectional study was conducted during September 2022 to October 2022 (2months) in RHTC field practice area of Santhiram Medical College, nandyal among adults (25-45) years of age group by convenient sampling method with sample size 300, study tool was pre-designed, semi structured questionnaire. Data was collected by interview method and analysed by SPSS 22 version. Ethics committee clearance was obtained before conducting the study.

Results: In this study population, (48%) completed 3 doses of COVID vaccine with booster dose, (48.3%) got vaccinated for 2 doses and (3.7%) are vaccinated for 1st dose and (15%) of them got COVID infection after vaccination.

Conclusions: Out of 300 participants 53% were males and 47% were females, 4% with one dose, 48% with two doses and 48% with two doses with booster dose of vaccination, about 36% had comorbidities. About 35% vaccinated by covaxin and 65% is with covishield vaccine, in which 9% had COVID infection after vaccination. Therefore, along with regular monitoring and surveillance, health education regarding the advantages of vaccination to the people can improve the vaccination status in rural area.

Keywords: COVID-19 infection, Covaxin, Covishield, COVID vaccination

INTRODUCTION

Corona virus disease (COVID-19), which originated in the Wuhan province of China was declared as a global pandemic by World Health Organization (WHO) on March 11, 2020.1 In order to contain this pandemic disease many countries including India have adopted for a lockdown, isolation and quarantine.2 For the effective control of COVID-19 social distancing, face mask use and sanitizer use have to be ensured. In addition to that COVID-19 vaccination has started.3 In spite of lockdown, isolation and quarantine, vaccination drives have been conducted and in spite of various vaccination drives and government of India has developed a mobile application implementation on online CoWIN app usage also not helped to reduce the spread of infection and many people get exposed to infection, mainly comorbid patients and in rural area people are neglecting the course of complete vaccination.4 Vaccination and use of personal protective measures such as wearing the mask is very important for proper protection from COVID-19.

Aim of study was to know the vaccination status of covid 19 of adult age group (26-44 years) of rural field practice area of Santhiram Medical College, Nandyal.

METHODS

A community based cross sectional study was conducted among adults of age group (25-45) years of population of RHTC field practice area of Santhiram Medical College and General Hospital, Nandyal during September 2022 to October 2022 (2 months) by using convenient sampling method with sample size 300. Study tool was pre-designed, pre-tested, semi structured questionnaire. Ethics committee clearance was obtained before conducting the study.

Inclusion criteria

Adults (25-45 years) who are living in the village under RHTC area.Who are willing to participate voluntarily and give written informed consent were included.

Exclusion criteria

Those who are not present at the time of data collection and not willing to participate and who don’t give written informed consent were excluded.

Statistical analysis

Data was collected by interview method and analysed by SPSS 22 version.

RESULTS

Figure 1 shows that of 300 responders about 53% were males and 47% were females.

Figure 1: Gender distribution. | 53% 47% Males Females
Figure 1: Gender distribution.

Out of 300 responders about 4% are got vaccinated with first dose of vaccine and about 48% were vaccinated by second dose of vaccination and about 48% completed full course of vaccination by booster dose (Figure 2).

Table 1 shows that of 300 responders about 157 (52%) were studied primary schooling and about 55 (18%) were went to secondary school and about 35 (12%) went to intermediate college and about 53 (18%) were studied Degree. In 300 about 159 (53%) were used the practice of mask for protection and about 60 (20%) has got covid 19 infection. In 300 responders 104 (35%) were vaccinated by COVAXIN vaccine and 196 (65%) by COVISHIELD vaccine and in which 26 (9%) have got the covid 19 infection after vaccination. In 300 about 108 (36%) have comorbidities and about 48 (16%) got the information of source of vaccination by TV, NEWS, Social media, about 221 (74%) by health care worker, ASHA, ANM, about 10% by others (Table 1).

Figure 2: Vaccination status. | 4% 48% 48% 1st dose 2nd dose Booster dose
Figure 2: Vaccination status.
Table 1: Variables of COVID 19 vaccination status.
Table reproduced from source PDF page 2

Table 2 shows that there is a significant association between COVID-19 infection with comorbidities with the “p value”-0.001 (Table 2).

Table 3 shows that there is a significant association with the type of vaccine with COVID-19 infection after vaccination with the “p value”-0.001 (Table 3).

Table 2: Association between COVID-19 infection with gender and comorbidities.
Table reproduced from source PDF page 3
Table 3: Association between types of vaccine with COVID-19 infection after vaccination.
Table reproduced from source PDF page 3

DISCUSSION

In this study, out of 300 participants 53% were males and 47% were females and 47.2% were males and 52.8% were females in Thadathil et al study where 30.4% were females and 69.6% were males in Deepthi et al study.3,5 Regarding vaccination coverage there is a decreased vaccination have been observed in rural areas mostly due to the myths about the vaccination like post vaccination complications, in this study 4% people were vaccinated with one dose, 48% with two doses and 48% with two doses with booster dose of vaccination. Where in Adhikari et al study about 36.9% participants were fully vaccinated, 8.1% were partially vaccinated and 55% were not vaccinated and about 45.8% adults in rural countries were fully vaccinated in Sun Y, Monnat SM study.6,7 Regarding education about 52% were under primary schooling, 18% were under secondary schooling and 12% were studied intermediate and about 18% were underwent Degree where 15.4% were under primary schooling, 52.3% were under secondary schooling and 32.3% were studied degree and above in Thadathil et al study.3 Severity of the disease is more in people with comorbidities in this study about 36% had comorbidities, in Adhikari et al study 16.2% participants were having co-morbidity and about 11.7% were having the comorbidities in Thadathil et al study.6,3

This study some limitations. Follow up of each patient was difficult in this study. Cannot evaluate comorbidities on on-spot of vaccination.

CONCLUSION

Severity of the Covid 19 infection is reduced by vaccination. Vaccination coverage is an important factor for the spread of the disease. Therefore, along with Regular monitoring and surveillance, health education regarding the advantages of vaccination to the people can improve the vaccination status in rural area.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

We would like to thank Dr M.A.M Pasha MD (Professor and HOD) and Dr Afsar Fatima MD, DPH (Professor) co-authors for helping in this paper. I would also like to extend my thanks to the participants for their participation and kind co-operation.

Funding: No funding sources

Conflict of interest: None declared

Ethical approval: The study was approved by the Institutional Ethics Committee

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