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Study of thyroid function in patients with metabolic syndrome

Background Thyroid disease and the metabolic syndrome are both associated with cardiovascular disease. The aim of this study was to explore the study of thyroid function in patients with metabolic syndrome.

Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted at department of physiology, M P shah medical college Jamnagar, Gujarat. It included 200 patients with metabolic syndrome (MetS) (National Cholesterol Education Program’s-Adult Treatment Panel III Criteria) in the study group and 100 subjects without metabolic syndrome in the control group. Anthropometric variables and blood pressure were taken using standardized technique and body mass index was calculated. Fasting blood sample was analyzed for total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), high density lipoproteins cholesterol (HDL-C), blood glucose (FBG) and TSH, T4 and T3 were measured using electro-chemiluminescence immuno assay. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS windows version 20.0 software (SPSS Inc., Chicago, Illinois).

Results The overall prevalence of thyroid dysfunction in patients with MetS was 41.5% with high prevalence of sub clinical hypothyroidism (27%). TSH (P<0.001) was significantly higher in the study group than in control group (P <0.01) but T3 and T4 values of study group were significantly lower than those of control group (P< 0.01). Metabolic components waist circumference, blood pressure, fasting blood glucose and triglycerides were significantly higher in metabolic subject (P<0.001), while HDL-C was significantly lower in study group (P<0.001) then control group.

Conclusion Hypothyroidism brawny associated with components of metabolic syndrome, therefore increased multifaceted risk of cardiovascular disorders with elevate TSH levels.