Publication:

Status of serum magnesium and calcium in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients

Background Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a metabolic disorder characterized by persistently elevated blood sugar levels, resulting from inadequate insulin secretion, ineffective insulin action or both. Several studies have revealed association of hypomagnesaemia with poor glycemic control and various long-term complications of diabetes mellitus. Cohort studies have been found to be associated with higher serum Calcium levels with an increased risk of T2DM. Therefore, we aim to assess serum Mg and Ca status in Type 2 diabetes mellitus patients.

Methods We conducted a case-control study with normal healthy population and T2DM patients visiting the OPD of Medicine. Normal healthy population and T2DM patients aged between 40 to 70 years of either sex were recruited and biochemical analysis was done.

Results Total 80 participants (40 control and 40 T2DM patients) were recruited for the study. The mean age of the normal healthy population and T2DM patients was 53.07±10.79 and 55.72±9.86 years respectively. Non-significant change in BMI was observed in T2DM patients (26.49±4.35) as compared to normal healthy control (25.77±3.72). Significant increase (p<0.001) in fasting blood glucose and HbA1c was recorded in T2DM patients (222.55±75.63, 8.28±2.43 resp.) as compared to normal healthy control (92.33±8.53, 5.19±0.72 resp.). We observed non-significant decrease in serum Mg level and serum Ca level in T2DM patients (2.05±0.45, 8.68±0.76 resp.) as compared to normal healthy control (2.11±0.23, 8.99±0.77 resp), while Mg/Ca ratio was found unchanged in T2DM patients as compared to normal healthy control.

Conclusions The study reveals a non-significant decrease in serum Mg and Ca in T2DM patients as compared to normal healthy population.