Publication:

Impact of lobectomy on pulmonary function in tubercular patients: a prospective analysis

Background Tuberculosis (TB) is a leading cause of death globally, with South Asia bearing a significant burden. In Bangladesh, TB poses major health challenges, especially in rural areas. For patients with TB sequelae, lobectomy may be necessary. Assessing pulmonary function before and after surgery is crucial for understanding the impact on patients. This study aimed to evaluate the changes in pulmonary function in TB patients undergoing lobectomy.

Methods The study employed a prospective longitudinal design at the National Institute of Diseases of the Chest and Hospital, spanning from January 2022 to June 2023. Thirty patients, aged over 18 years and capable of undergoing spirometry, were enrolled. These patients had diagnoses including post-tuberculous sequelae, were scheduled for lobectomy. Data were collected through interviews and lung function tests conducted before and two months post-surgery. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS version 29.

Results The study included 30 patients with an average age of 37.77 years, predominantly male (73.33%). Significant reductions in pulmonary function were observed post-lobectomy: the mean Forced Expiratory Volume in the first second (FEV1) decreased from 1.82 liters to 1.56 liters postoperatively (p=0.034) and the mean Forced Vital Capacity (FVC) dropped from 2.28 liters to 1.91 liters (p=0.005). The FEV1/FVC ratio decreased slightly from 76.67% to 73.37%.

Conclusions Lobectomy in patients with TB results in significant declines in pulmonary function, as indicated by reductions in FEV1 and FVC post-surgery.