Publication:

The rate and indication of caesarean section in a tertiary care teaching hospital eastern India

Background Caesarean section is one of the most widely performed surgical procedures in obstetrics worldwide. It was mainly evolved as a lifesaving procedure for mother and foetus during the difficult delivery. To analyze the rate and indications for C-Section and associated maternal morbidity and mortality were the main objectives of present study.

Methods This retrospective study was conducted over a period of one year from 1st May 2017 to 30th April 2018 at the Department of Pediatrics and OBG, IMS & SUM Medical college and Hospital, Bhubaneswar (Odisha), eastern India. Data of Patients who delivered by C-Section in our hospital during the defined study period was recorded and a statistical analysis of various parameters namely, the caesarean section rates, its indications, the patient’s morbidity and mortality was done.

Results The total numbers of women delivered over the study period were 1619, out of which C-Sections were 574.The overall CS rate was 35.45%. Previous LSCS was the leading indication to the CS rate (29.96%) followed by arrest of labour (13.94%), CPD (11.84%), foetal distress (10.97%), breech presentation (5.74%), oligohydroaminous/IUGR (5.21%), failed induction of labour (5.21%), pregnancy induced hypertension(PIH) (4.87%) and multifetal gestation (3.84%), prematurity (3.31%). 12.01% patients had various complications mainly infection (6.27%) and hemorrhage (3.48%). There was no mortality during this period.

Conclusions Being a tertiary care hospital, a high rate of Caesarean deliveries was observed, Individualization of the indication and careful evaluation, following standardized guidelines, practice of evidenced-based obstetrics and audits in the institution, can help us limit CSR.