Publication:

Functional outcomes of anatomical anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction using single-bundle quadruple hamstring graft: a prospective study using the Lysholm score and single hop test

Background Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries are among the most common sports-related knee injuries. Anatomical reconstruction techniques have evolved to restore native knee kinematics. This study aimed to evaluate the functional outcomes of anatomical ACL reconstruction using a single-bundle quadruple hamstring tendon graft.

Methods A prospective study was conducted involving 30 patients with isolated ACL tears confirmed clinically and radiologically. All patients underwent anatomical single-bundle ACL reconstruction using a quadruple hamstring graft with femoral fixation via an Endobutton and tibial fixation with an interference screw. Functional outcomes were assessed using Lysholm Knee Scoring Scale and the Single Hop Test preoperatively and at 6 months postoperatively.

Results The mean preoperative Lysholm score improved from 54.46 to 91.06 at 6 months, indicating statistically significant improvement (p<0.001). The Single Hop Test showed a marked increase in limb symmetry index from a preoperative mean of 44.35% to 83.50% postoperatively, reflecting substantial functional recovery. No major postoperative complications were reported.

Conclusions Anatomical ACL reconstruction using a single-bundle quadruple hamstring graft provides excellent short-term functional outcomes with minimal morbidity. This technique offers reliable restoration of knee function and stability, with promising results in active patients.