Publication:

A rare case of vaginal leiomyoma: diagnostic challenges and management

Primary vaginal leiomyomas are rare benign smooth muscle tumors that can pose a diagnostic challenge due to their unusual location and nonspecific presentation. We report a case of a female aged 29 years, on her routine checkup for primary infertility. On examination Incidental vaginal mass was found, a well-defined mass visualized in the anterior vaginal wall extending into right vaginal wall indenting into vaginal canal. Cervix was not visualized. Imaging showed well-defined lesion suggestive of anterior vaginal fibroid of size 5.1 × 6.8 × 7.3 cm. The patient underwent diagnostic laparoscopy followed by complete surgical excision by abdomino-vaginal approach. Histopathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of leiomyoma. The postoperative period was uneventful, and the patient remained symptom-free on follow-up. This case highlights the importance of considering vaginal leiomyoma in the differential diagnosis of vaginal masses. Early diagnosis and surgical management result in excellent outcomes with minimal recurrence risk.