Publication:

Association between Helicobacter pylori infection and iron deficiency anemia among dyspeptic adult patients

Background Helicobacter pylori infection is a global public health problem that affects both developed and developing countries bearing a burden of one-third and half respectively. Previous studies on H. pylori infection and iron deficiency anemia were limited to children and pregnant women, indicating a paucity of evidence among dyspeptic adults. Hence, this study was aimed to assess the association of H. pylori infection and iron deficiency anemia among dyspeptic adult patients.

Methods An institution based cross-sectional study was conducted from January to November 2023 among 328 dyspeptic adult patients aged 18 and above visiting Shashemene comprehensive specialized hospital. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data. RBC count, Hb and Hct were measured. Anemia was declared if Hb was <12 g/dl in females and <13 g/dl for men according to the WHO. The H. pylori infections status of the patients were detected using stool antigen test, and saline stool prepared was examined for intestinal parasites. Data were coded, entered and analyzed by SPSS version 25. Chi-square test and Logistic regression were used to assess association between variables, and a p<0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results Of 328 study participants, 38 (11.6%) were positive for H. pylori. The prevalence of anemia among HP infected was higher (50%) than uninfected (19.3%) patients (χ2=17.941, p=0.000). H. pylori infection was significantly associated with Anemia (p<0.001).

Conclusions There was association between H. pylori infection and iron deficiency anemia. Unhygienic water supply and poor sanitation are contributing factors.