Publication:

Identification of risk factors of premature rupture of membrane at a tertiary care centre: a case-control study

Background Premature rupture of membranes (PROM) is a critical issue in obstetrics, occurring in 3-4% of pregnancies and accounting for 40-50% of preterm births. This study aims to identify risk factors associated with premature rupture of membranes in women who deliver at tertiary care centre.

Methods This research is a case-control study conducted with 240 women at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, People's College of Medical Sciences and Research Institute, Bhopal. The study comprised 80 cases and 160 controls in a 1:2 ratio.

Results There were no significant demographic differences between cases and controls. However, significant differences were found in past obstetric and gynecological histories. PROM was strongly associated with previous PROM (Adjusted OR: 4.62, 95% CI: 2.06-10.52), previous lower segment cesarean section (LSCS) (Adjusted OR: 2.08, 95% CI: 1.14-6.74), abnormal vaginal discharge (AOR: 2.35, 95% CI: 2.53-22.46) and urinary tract infections (UTI) (AOR: 3.40, 95% CI: 6.56-13.04).

Conclusions Key risk factors for premature rupture of membranes include previous PROM, LSCS, abnormal vaginal discharge and UTIs. Addressing these factors is crucial for preventing PROM and enhancing maternal and fetal health outcomes.