Publication:

Allergic rhinitis in pediatric age group: a review

Allergic rhinitis (AR) is an important and common chronic disorder in children. It is a worldwide health problem that places a considerable strain on healthcare systems for children and adolescents. AR is a long-term, non-infectious inflammation of the nasal mucous membranes, caused by IgE and triggered by allergen exposure. The development and progression of AR are influenced by the interaction of genetic and environmental factors. Allergic rhinitis significantly affects the pediatric age group, with increasing prevalence and substantial impair the quality of life. The important clinical presentations of AR include rhinorrhea, nasal congestion, sneezing, and itching in the nose and eye. The rising prevalence of allergic rhinitis among pediatric age group underscores the need for a better understanding of these condition in children. Proper assessment of nasal symptoms helps for the most appropriate treatment options to be chosen. Avoidance of allergens is usually difficult to practice daily life. This review addresses the epidemiology, etiopathology, clinical presentations, quality of life, diagnosis, and management of AR in pediatric age group. It seeks to improve the understanding of healthcare providers and families in order to enhance diagnostic accuracy and encourage proper treatment. There is lack of clear national guidelines for AR in pediatric age group, so this illness is often misdiagnosed and mismanaged. This review focuses on the epidemiology, etiopathology, clinical presentations, and current management of AR in pediatric age group.