Publication:

Clinical spectrum of cerebral palsy in children aged up to 16 years using gross motor function classification system score for management at a tertiary care centre

Background Cerebral palsy is the most common and costly form of chronic motor disability that begins in childhood. Cerebral palsy is a well-recognised neurodevelopment condition beginning in early childhood and persisting through the lifespan In India prevalence of cerebral palsy ranges between 1.4 to 3.1 per 1000 lives birth. Gross motor function classification system (GMFCS) score for cerebral palsy is based on self-initiated movement with emphasis on sitting, transfer and mobility.

Methods This is observational cross-sectional study with sample size of 45 patients aged up to 16 years (taken according to inclusion and exclusion criteria). A detail history regarding prenatal, natal and postnatal events were asked and etiology was grouped under antenatal, natal, postnatal or idiopathic. Past history of admission (NICU) or any events will be noted. Severities of grading will be classified according to GMFCS.

Results The mean age of the children studied was 3.31 years, with a greater prevalence in males (68.9%) than females (31.1%). A significant number of children were born preterm (26.7%), with most deliveries occurring in hospitals (75.6%). Key risk factors identified included low birth weight (46.7%), prematurity (28.9%) and birth asphyxia (17.8%). Spastic cerebral palsy was the most common type, affecting 93.4% of the children in the study.

Conclusions The Present study suggests that early diagnosis and assessment of the GMFCS score are crucial for optimizing the ambulatory management of children with cerebral palsy, potentially improving their functional outcomes. In this study, spastic quadriplegic cerebral palsy has a statistically significant association with GMFCS score. The GMFCS Score is instrumental in setting rehabilitation goals for cerebral palsy, catering to various ages and severity levels. It is key in assessing functional outcomes in diverse settings, enhancing quality of life.