Publication:

Patterns of semen analysis among men attending screening camp organized by a specialty reproductive health institution: a retrospective observational study:

Background Male factors infertility alone account for 20-30% of infertility cases, but when combined with female factors or other factors, their overall contribution increases to approximately 50% of infertility cases globally. Semen analysis has a sensitivity of 89.6%. There is limited data on semen parameters in the general male population, as most studies focus on infertile couples. We aim to estimate the burden of semen abnormalities and their pattern among general population of men attending screening camps.

Methods This is a retrospective study based on camp based medical records of a speciality reproductive center. A total of 421 individuals' data was obtained from the medical records. The semen analysis was done at the campsite by the experienced andrology team.

Results The mean age observed was 35.39±6.36. The majority of the study population are of age 31 to 35 (31.59%). Nearly 40% (147) of individuals have abnormal sperm parameters. Commonly observed abnormalities are asthenozoospermia, oligoasthenoteratozoospermia, Severe oligo astheno teratozoospermia with 28.74%, 19.76, and 23.35, respectively. Azoospermia was observed in 16.77%. We found a statistically significant negative association between age and sperm concentration and motility (total and progressive) with p<0.05.

Conclusion The sperm concentration was highest in the age group 31 to 40 years, but progressive and total motility declined significantly with increasing age. These trends suggest that male fertility subtly deteriorates even within a relatively young cohort.