Publication:

A prospective observational study on loop diuretic utilization in a tertiary care hospital setting

Background Loop diuretics are essential for managing fluid overload in conditions like heart failure and chronic kidney disease. However, data on their utilization and adverse outcomes in resource-limited settings are scarce. To evaluate utilization patterns, adverse drug reactions (ADRs), and outcomes of loop diuretic therapy in a tertiary care hospital.

Methods A prospective observational study was conducted on 100 inpatients from January 2023 to October 2023. Data on demographics, clinical indications, ADRs, and prescription patterns were analyzed.

Results Furosemide was most prescribed (70%), followed by torsemide (20%) and bumetanide (10%). Main indications included congestive heart failure (40%), hypertension (24%), and chronic kidney disease (20%). Common ADRs were hypokalemia (16%), hypotension (10%), and dehydration (6%). Symptomatic improvement was noted in 70% of cases, with 20% showing no change and 10% worsening. Economic costs exceeded ₹1,000/month for 30% of patients, despite high medication adherence (80%).

Conclusions Furosemide remains the most used diuretic, but ADRs and economic burdens highlight the need for regular monitoring and cost-effective strategies. Personalized therapy can optimize outcomes, and further multicenter studies are required for broader insights.