Publication:

Standardizing non-communicable diseases surveillance: a review of variables, tools, digital platforms and a proposed integrated HMIS framework

Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) account for a significant share of preventable morbidity and mortality, yet data collection on NCDs is carried out in separate, disconnected and often inconsistent ways. This review showcases the variables, tools and digital platforms used for NCD data collection, monitoring and implementation by collecting the data elements such as behavioural risks, physical measurements, biochemical markers, clinical diagnostic and treatment variables, outcomes and system performance indicators and to classify the tools used to capture and manage them. This work also proposes a baseline NCD dataset and a unified framework for integrating survey and routine care data within a single ecosystem-wide Health Management Information System (HMIS), enabling consistent measurement, programme monitoring and actionable decision support.