Publication:

Incidence and risk factors of gestational diabetes in Karnataka Institute of Medical Sciences, Hubli

Background Gestational diabetes is essentially the development of diabetes in pregnancy with a return to normal glucose tolerance after delivery. Objective of the study was to know incidence and risk factors of gestational diabetes in Karnataka Institute of Medical Sciences, Hubli.

Methods This prospective study conducted in KIMS Hubli, for a period of one year from October 2009 to November 2010, in all pregnant women attending OPD of OBG Department. The number of cases included in the study was 200.

Results Incidence of GDM was found to be 3.5% in the 200 patients studied. Patients were in the age group 18-36 yrs. There was increasing in the incidence after 25 yrs. There is gradual increase in prevalence of GCT positive case with increasing age. 60% of the patients had risk factors. Risk factors of importance were positive family history 40%, BMI>27 was 37.5%.

Conclusions Gestational diabetes mellitus can be present in patients without risk factors. Hence the need for universal screening. Glucose challenge test with 75g glucose at 2 hours is highly sensitive in detecting GDM.