Publication:

Evaluating the impact of Pap smear screening on cervical cancer prevention in tribal women

Background Cervical cancer is one of the most preventable cancers, yet it remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality in tribal communities due to limited access to healthcare and poor screening uptake. Early detection through Pap smear screening significantly reduces the disease burden.

Methods A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted from January 2022 to December 2022 at Dr. N. Y. Tasgaonkar Institute of Medical Science (NYTIMS), Karjat, Maharashtra, India, to assess the impact of Pap smear screening on cervical cancer prevention in tribal women aged 25-65 years. Demographic data, screening participation, and follow-up outcomes were collected and analyzed.

Results Of 1,000 eligible women, 750 (75%) underwent Pap smear screening. Participation was influenced by age, education, and prior health education. Among screened women, 85% had normal results, 12% had minor cytological abnormalities, and 3% showed significant precancerous changes requiring further management. Cervical cancer incidence decreased by 35%, and mortality was 50% lower among the screened population.

Conclusions Pap smear screening substantially reduces cervical cancer incidence and mortality in tribal populations. Improving awareness, addressing cultural barriers, and expanding mobile screening services are critical to increasing participation and ensuring timely intervention.