Publication:

Prevalence and pattern of dyslipidemia in newly detected type 2 diabetes mellitus and its correlation with anthropometric parameters

Background Globally 425 million people have diabetes mellitus (DM) of which 90% are type 2 DM. India carries nearly 70 million cases of DM. India is called the diabetes capital of the world. The escalating epidemic of type 2 diabetes has been attributed to increasing obesity and longevity. Due to the additive cardiovascular risk of hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia, lipid abnormalities should be aggressively detected and treated as a part of comprehensive diabetic care. The study aimed at detecting the occurrence and pattern of dyslipidemia in newly-detected type 2 diabetic patients in a tertiary care hospital in South India.

Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted over a period of eighteen months. It comprised of 50 newly detected diabetics above the age of 18 years who satisfied the inclusion and exclusion criteria.

Results Fifty patients were included in the study which included 18 males and 32 females. The body mass index (BMI) was abnormal in 62% (as per the Asian criteria) and in 42% (as per the WHO criteria). The waist circumference (WC) was found to be high in 82% and 70% as per the Asian and the WHO criteria, respectively. Forty six percent of the population was found to have elevated total cholesterol levels. LDL was increased in 70% of the study population while triglycerides were elevated in 40%, total cholesterol in 46% and low HDL in 76% of the patients.

Conclusions A significant correlation was found between the fasting blood sugars (FBSs) and serum triglycerides. There was a positive correlation noted between the dyslipidemia and the anthropometric parameters recorded.