Publication:

Influenza vaccination in discharge protocol for patients with comorbid conditions: an expert review

Influenza remains a significant global health challenge, contributing to substantial morbidity and mortality, particularly among individuals with chronic comorbidities such as cardiovascular disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), asthma, diabetes mellitus, and chronic kidney disease (CKD). Despite strong recommendations, influenza vaccine uptake in India continues to be low. The aim of this consensus was to assess the role of influenza vaccination as part of hospital discharge protocols for patients with comorbidities in clinical settings. A focused expert advisory meeting was conducted with nine leading pulmonologists from India to evaluate the role of influenza vaccination as part of hospital discharge protocols in patients with comorbidities. The discussion was supported by a comprehensive literature review. Current national and international guidelines were also analyzed to provide contextual insights. Annual influenza vaccination significantly reduces complications, hospitalizations, and all-cause mortality among high-risk populations. Evidence demonstrates reductions in cardiovascular events, respiratory morbidity, and exacerbations in COPD and asthma. In patients with diabetes and CKD, vaccination is associated with decreased hospitalization rates, fewer ICU admissions, and slower progression of renal decline. However, barriers such as limited awareness, absence of standardized hospital protocols, and logistical constraints impede vaccine uptake. Incorporating influenza vaccination into discharge protocols and enhancing patient education can substantially improve coverage in these vulnerable groups. Hospital-based vaccination programs represent a feasible and effective strategy to mitigate influenza-related morbidity and mortality in India. Expert consensus strongly supports the inclusion of influenza vaccination in discharge protocols for patients with comorbidities.