International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health

Viswanath J et al. Int J Community Med Public Health. 2017 Aug;4(8):3043-3046

http://www.ijcmph.com

pISSN 2394-6032 | eISSN 2394-6040

Original Research Article

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20173369

Prevalence of osteoarthritis patients in South Indian hospital

J. Viswanath1, Chakrapani Cheekavolu2, Renu Dixit3, S. Sankaraiah3*

Department of Dravyaguna, 1Sri Adi Siva Sadguru Allisaheb Sivaaryula Ayurvedic Medical College, Guntakal, 3S.V Ayurvedic Medical College, Tirupathi, Andhra Pradesh, India

2Department of Pharmacology, Kerala Medical College and hospital, Mangode, Palakkad, Kerala, India

Received: 07 June 2017

Accepted: 04 July 2017

*Correspondence:

Dr. S. Sankaraiah,

E-mail: srisankar007@gmail.com

Copyright: © the author(s), publisher and licensee Medip Academy. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License, which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

ABSTRACT

Background: Osteoarthritis is multifactorial in aetiology. Both systemic factors (e.g. age, sex, genes) and local factors (e.g. muscle weakness, joint deformity) appear to influence the risk of individual joints developing the disease.

Methods: Total 60 patient’s prospective data was collected in S.V. Ayurvedic Medical College and Hospital. Collected data were family history, physical activity, illness, addiction, digestive power etc., in patients with osteoarthritis.

Results: The study showed 53.33% of previous family history of osteoarthritis and 46.66% were no family history of osteoarthritis. 76.66% gradual disease onset and 23.33% were insidious onset. 100% were having joint pain with swelling. 50% were average digestive power, 36.66% good and 13.33% poor. 30% patients were having addiction of alcohol, 16.66% smoking and alcohol, 16.66% smoking, 3.33% tobacco and 33.33% were no addiction. 66.66% patients were having irregular bowel habit and 33.33% was regular. 41.66% sedentary, 40% active and 18.33% were moderately active. 40% illness was observed during the period of 0-6 months, 30% 1-2 years, 16.66% 6-12 months and 13.33% were 2-5 yrs. 60% cold season and 40% were other seasons.

Conclusions: Present study demonstrated that, incidence of osteoarthritis was very high especially in earlier family history of osteoarthritis, gradual disease, joint pain, average digestive power, No addiction, bowel habit Irregular, sedentary, illness during the period of last 6 months and cold season patients.

Keywords: Osteoarthritis, Prevalence, South India

INTRODUCTION

Osteoarthritis is multifactorial degenerative diseases. It is several factors involving osteoarthritis mainly systemic factors were age, sex, genes and local factors were muscle weakness, joint deformity and specific aetiological factors are still unknown, but may cause mechanical overloading, failure of the chondrocyte-controlled internal remodelling system and extra cartilaginous factors.1 The prevalence is very high especially in elder people.2 It is involves joint lining, cartilage, ligaments and bone, and symptomatic treatment by analgesics, NSAIDs, opioids, chondroitin sulphate, glucosamine, intraarticular corticosteroids, intraarticular hyaluronic acid.3 Osteoarthritis is the fourth most common predictor of problem in women and eighth common predictor was men in global population.4 Knee arthritis is the one of the grater reported site of musculoskeletal pain 5Developing countries people with the risk of higher physical activities even with less prevalent to obesity. Due to less musculoskeletal surgeries and people lives with severe joint pains in older years while genetic, obesity and smoking are the major risk factors.6-9 Earlier studies say that, Common rheumatological problem with joint disease in prevalence of 22% to 39% in India.10. Prevalence of osteoarthritis is reported to be in the range of 17 to 60.6% in India 11.present study deigned to investigate prevalence of osteoarthritis patients in Department of Dravyaguna, S.V Ayurvedic Medical College, South India.

METHODS

The present study evaluation of clinically based prospective and it was carried out in S.V. Ayurvedic Medical College and hospital, Tirupathi, Andhra Pradesh in the period from Jan 2014 Dec 2015 after obtain institutional ethical committee approval.

All the patients were followed up at interval of 15 days. Total duration of treatment was 3 months. Collected data prevalence of osteoarthritis among patients in hospital (family history, physical activity, illness, addiction, digestive power etc).

Present study consists of 71 cases of osteoarthritis patients selected from the Department of Dravyaguna of T.T.D’s S.V. Ayurvedic Hospital, Tirupati. Out of 71 patients, 11 cases did not turn up for follow up, thus the present study population include only 60 patient’s data collated.

Inclusion criteria

  • • Patient’s age group of 31-70 years was selected.
  • • Patient with osteoporosis and osteophytic changes.
  • • Obese patients.
  • • Patients with history of Trauma.
  • • Patients with Endocrine disorders mainly menopausal women.

Exclusive criteria

  • • Patients age below 31 and above 70 years
  • • Patients suffering from Carcinoma and psoriatic arthritis.
  • • Patients suffering from Ankolysing arthritis.
  • • Patients suffering from Poliomyalgia and Rheumatoid arthritis.
  • • Patients suffering from Tuberculosis.
  • • Patients suffering from Syphilitic arthritis.

RESULTS

It is evident from below table that most of the patients was having family history of osteoarthritis (53.33%) and 46.66% showed no family history of osteoarthritis.

In the present study gradual disease onset found in 76.66% of patients followed by insidious onset in 23.33% of patients (Table 2).

It is observed from Table 3 that 100% patients were seen with joint pain followed by joint swelling, tenderness and others problems each (86.66%).

It is evident from Table 4 that maximum patients have average digestive power (50%), followed by good (36.66%) and poor (13.33%).

Table 1: Distribution of patients according to family history.
Table reproduced from source PDF page 2
Table 2: Distribution of patients according to pattern of onset.
Table reproduced from source PDF page 2
Table 3: Distribution of patients according to chief complaints with osteoarthritis.
Table reproduced from source PDF page 2
Table 4: Distribution of patients according to digestive power.
Table reproduced from source PDF page 2
Table 5: Distribution of patients according to addiction wise.
Table reproduced from source PDF page 2
Table 6: Distribution of patients according to bowel habits.
Table reproduced from source PDF page 2
Table 7: Physical activity wise distribution of patients.
Table reproduced from source PDF page 3
Table 8: Distribution of patients according to duration of illness.
Table reproduced from source PDF page 3
Table 9: Distribution of patients according to season wise.
Table reproduced from source PDF page 3

It is clear that most of the patients have addiction of Alcohol (30%) followed by Smoking and alcohol (16.66%), smoking (16.66%) and tobacco (3.33%). 33.33% patients did not have any addiction (Table 5).

It is evident from Table 6 that bowel habit of maximum patients was Irregular (66.66%) followed by regular (33.33%).

Table 7 shows that most of the patient were in sedentary group (41.66%) followed by active (40%) and moderately active (18.33%).

It is observed that total duration of illness was more in 0-6 months (40%) cases followed by 1-2 years (30%), 6-12 months (16.66%) and 2-5 yrs (13.33%) (Table 8).

It was observed that maximum number of patients i.e. 60% was suffering in cold season while 40% were observed in other seasons (Table 9).

DISCUSSION

In present study total 60 interviewed and clinically diagnosed osteoarthritis patient, those are eligible and based on the inclusion criteria, data was collated with the help of consent form either gender visited in the hospital. Incidence of osteoarthritis more in female than the males, body mass index, family history, and previous injury, nature of work, physical activities, community lifestyle, obesity and occupation of work practices were reported in earlier studies especially in osteoarthritis.12-14

Osteoarthritis is one of the largest public health problem.15 Nearly 80% of people in the age group between 35 and 50 years develop signs and symptoms of the disease.16 Estimation of prevalence of osteoarthritis across the global populations is difficult, data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (HANES) says that obese women had approximately 4 times risk of knee OA as compared with non-obese women; for obese men, the risk was nearly 5 times higher.17 There is a necessary to take appropriate steps to increase awareness regarding osteoarthritis in the community were daily exercise, obesity, adequate treatment and physiotherapy.18 Present study analysis and demonstrated that prevalence was higher genetically (family history of osteoarthritis) with joint pain, Gradual disease, average digestive power, No addiction, bowel habit Irregular, sedentary, illness during the period of last 6 months and cold season patients.

CONCLUSION

Present study demonstrated that, incidence of osteoarthritis was very high especially in earlier family history of osteoarthritis, gradual disease, joint pain, average digestive power, no addiction, bowel habit irregular, sedentary, illness during the period of last 6 months and cold season patients.

Funding: No funding sources

Conflict of interest: None declared

Ethical approval: The study was approved by the Institutional Ethics Committee

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