Publication:

Fetomaternal outcome in pregnancy with oligohydroamnios

Background Oligohydramnios is one of the major causes of perinatal  morbidity and mortality. The sonographic diagnosis of oligohydramnios is usually based on an AFI≤5 cm or on a single deepest pocket of amniotic fluid≤2 cm. Our study was aimed to study the perinatal outcome in oligohydramnios. Aim and objective were to study obstetric risk  factors  associated with oligohydramnios and maternal outcome in the form of  mode of delivery, and to assess neonatal complications in terms of APGAR score at birth, NICU  admission rates, meconium stained liquor and still birth rates.

Methods Present study  is a prospective   study   on   outcome   of pregnancy in oligohydroamnios. Study was conducted at department of obstetrics and gynaecology at SMT SCL general hospital, Ahmedabad from January 2024 to July 2024. A total of 60 women singleton pregnancy with oligohydroamnios (AFI <5) in third trimester admitted as either booked or referral cases, were included in the study.

Results The present study is of 60 cases of oligohydramnios in this study caesarean section rate was higher in 20-25 years age group and operative morbidity is more common in primipara group. Most common cause of oligohydramnios is idiopathic followed by post-date. LSCS rate is significantly higher in non-reactive NST group. Most common indication to perform caesarean section was fetal distress.

Conclusions AFI is an important and convenient screening  test for prediction of perinatal outcome. In presence of oligohydramnios, the risk of fetal distress, operative delivery, low Apgar score, low birth weight, perinatal morbidity and  mortality are more. Hence early detection  of oligohydramnios, associated  antenatal risk factors and  timely management can improve the maternal and fetal outcome.