Publication:

Implanon versus Copper-T as long-acting reversible contraception: a prospective comparative study at a tertiary care centre in Southern Rajasthan

Background Long-acting reversible contraceptives (LARCs) such as sub-dermal etonogestrel implants and copper intrauterine devices provide highly effective contraception. However, their acceptance and continuation vary due to side effects and user preference. To compare Implanon and Copper T as long acting reversible contraceptive methods in terms of efficacy, acceptance, continuation and side effect profile among women attending a tertiary care centre in Southern Rajasthan.

Methods A comparative prospective study was conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, RNT Medical College, Udaipur, from March to August 2024. Women aged 18–45 years opting for either Implanon or Copper-T were enrolled. Data on efficacy, adverse effects, acceptance and continuation were collected and analysed using Jamovi software.

Results Among 303 participants, 189 opted for Implanon and 114 for Copper-T. Continuation rate was significantly higher with Implanon (97.4%) compared to Copper-T (88.6%). No pregnancies were reported among Implanon users, while one pregnancy occurred in the Copper-T group (efficacy 99.1%). Implanon users commonly reported amenorrhoea (45.2%) and menstrual irregularities (40%), whereas Copper-T users experienced heavy menstrual bleeding (30%), dysmenorrhoea (24%) and abdominal pain (25%). Younger women (21–30 years) and lower parity women preferred Implanon, while higher parity women preferred Copper-T.

Conclusions Both Implanon and Copper-T are highly effective LARC methods. Implanon demonstrated better acceptance and continuation, while Copper-T remains an effective non-hormonal alternative. Individualised counselling is essential to optimise contraceptive choice.’