Publication:

Correlation of abnormal liver function tests in pregnancy with fetomaternal outcome at a tertiary care centre

Background Liver dysfunction during pregnancy is an important cause of maternal and perinatal morbidity. Abnormal liver function tests may indicate pregnancy-specific liver disorders, viral hepatitis, or hepatic involvement in systemic obstetric complications. Early identification is essential for risk stratification and timely management. This study aimed to evaluate the correlation between abnormal liver function tests during pregnancy and fetal-maternal outcomes.

Methods This prospective observational study was conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, LLRM Medical College, Meerut, over 18 months. A total of 150 pregnant women with abnormal liver function tests were enrolled after informed consent. Demographic details, obstetric profile, clinical presentation, liver function parameters, viral markers, maternal outcomes, and neonatal outcomes were recorded and analysed.

Results The mean age of participants was 28.99±3.91 years. Most women were multigravida (88.0%) and unbooked (70.0%). Pruritus was the most common presenting symptom (66.66%), followed by nausea and vomiting (30.66%) and jaundice (18.66%). Mean serum bilirubin was 1.92±3.12 mg/dl, mean aspartate aminotransferase was 196.48±223.96 U/l, and mean alanine aminotransferase was 212.40±249.79 U/l. Cesarean delivery was performed in 41.33% of cases. Postpartum haemorrhage occurred in 43.3%, intensive care unit admission was required in 19.33%, and maternal mortality was 0.66%. Low birth weight occurred in 24.66%, neonatal intensive care unit admission in 40.66%, neonatal jaundice in 26.66%, respiratory distress in 24.66%, and perinatal mortality in 5.33%.

Conclusions Abnormal liver function tests in pregnancy were associated with significant maternal and neonatal morbidity. Early diagnosis, regular antenatal monitoring, timely referral, and multidisciplinary management are essential for improving feto-maternal outcomes.