Publication:

Clinical picture of acute post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis in children at Ruteng hospital

Background Acute post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis (PSGN) is the main cause of acute nephritis in children, globally reaches more than 470,000 cases per year, 97% of which occur in developing countries. Sublinical cases are 4 times more common than symptomatic, so reports on the incidence of acute PSGN are very limited.

Methods This study used a descriptive retrospective method from medical records at RSUD Ruteng from January to June 2023. Data were analyzed using the statistical package for the social sciences (SSPS) 22 program.

Results Results of the study were obtained as 37 pediatric patients with acute PSGN. The patients age ranged 4-17 years with an average 9 years, 51.4% women and 48.6% men. Most cases occur after respiratory tract infections (75.7%). Symptoms of edema and hypertension (89.2% stage I and 10.8% stage II) was found in all patients and become the reason why patients come. Patients experienced macroscopic hematuria 16.2%. The laboratory test showed 100% microscopic hematuria, proteinuria in 72.1% and ASTO titer increased by more than 200 IU in all patients. Eleven patients with complications, acute renal failure (24.3%), hypertension encephalopathy (5.4%) and 1 patient with pulmonary edema. The average length of stay is 8 days (3-22 days).

Conclusions The incidence of acute PSGN at RSUD Ruteng within 6 months is quite high. Acute PSGN in children causes severe complicationsand longer treatment. The prevention is needed to care about the importance of clean and healthy living behavior.