Publication:

A retrospective study on socio-demographic, clinicopathological, molecular subtypes and comorbidities of women with breast cancer

Background Breast cancer is a heterogeneous disease influenced by demographic factors, tumor biology, and comorbid conditions. Understanding these characteristics is essential for improving early detection and management strategies.

Methods We conducted a cross-sectional retrospective study using data from 120 women diagnosed with breast cancer. Demographic data (age, BMI), socioeconomic status, education level, clinical symptoms, radiologic findings, pathology reports, tumor grade, Modified Bloom-Richardson Score, molecular subtypes, comorbidities and presence of metastasis were obtained from patient charts and analysed descriptively.

Results The majority of breast cancer patients were middle-aged; with the range of 36-55 years old. Many patients had high BMIs. The most common presenting symptom of breast cancer was a palpable breast lump. Histologically, invasive ductal carcinoma was the most common type, and the majority of the tumors were classified as high-grade and had high modified bloom-Richardson scores. The most common molecular subtype of breast cancer in our population was luminal A, followed by triple negative. Hypertension and Type 2 diabetes mellitus were the most common comorbidities in this population.

Conclusions Breast cancer patients appeared to be diagnosed at a later stage than previously reported and the tumors were highly aggressive. The implications of our findings support increased public awareness, earlier detection, and targeted screening programs, particularly in rural and underserved populations.