Publication:

A study on risk factors and pregnancy outcomes associated with oligohydramnios during pregnancy

Background Oligohydramnios is one of the most common complications in pregnant women, leading to the various complications like intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), and low birth weight. This study evaluated the risk factors contributing, perinatal and maternal outcomes of oligohydramnios in pregnant women.

Methods The study was conducted at Government General Hospital, Karimnagar from July to December 2024. Out of collection of 450 pregnant women, 106 patients satisfying inclusion and exclusion criteria of present prospective observational study. Pregnant women, the data was analyzed according to the parameters like age, amniotic fluid index (AFI) value, and risk factors.

Results Upon distribution of patient data based on age it is observed that maximum number of 39.6% (42) are from the age group of 23-27 years and distributed based on risk factors, 30% (32) patients with pregnancy induced hypertension, 46% (49) patients with hypothyroidism,11% (12) patients of diabetes mellitus, 11% (12) patients with advanced age,43% (46) patients with dehydration. Analysis of data based on outcomes of oligohydramnios, maximum number of samples with 42% (45) found with low birth weight. Distribution of data according to the gestational age the peak number of (101) patients were from 28-42 weeks.

Conclusion We found hypothyroidism, pregnancy induced hypertension as the major risk factors contributing to the oligohydramnios and low birth weight and IUGR as major adverse outcomes associated with it. Rate of caesarean section was higher in patients with oligohydramnios and more common of neonate’s admission into NICU and has a significant correlation with adverse perinatal outcome.