Publication:

Importance and barriers to hepatitis A immunization and the clinical relevance of inactivated hepatitis A vaccine (TZ84 strain): insights from the pediatric experts

The epidemiology of hepatitis A in India is shifting from high to intermediate endemicity, leading to a growing number of predisposed adolescents and adults who are at greater risk of symptomatic illness and sequelae. Vaccination is an efficacious preventative measure; yet, certain obstacles persist that hinder optimum vaccine use. This expert review aimed to explore the challenges associated with hepatitis A vaccination in India and to gather insights from pediatricians on the clinical relevance and factors influencing their choice of inactivated hepatitis A vaccines, with particular reference to the TZ84 strain. A focused group discussion (FGD) was conducted with 11 practicing pediatricians from various regions of India. The discussion examined opinions related to the epidemiological aspects of hepatitis A, immunization methodologies, obstacles to vaccine adoption, and determinants affecting vaccine choice. Pediatricians identified multiple challenges, such as financial obstacles, gaps in caregiver awareness, and a lack of hepatitis A vaccination in UIP. Participants highlighted the necessity for enhanced public health education and more robust policy initiatives aimed at increasing vaccination coverage. The inactivated hepatitis A vaccine (TZ84 strain) was considered clinically significant, given its demonstrated ability to elicit strong and durable immune responses and its potential for long-term protection against hepatitis A infection. The changing epidemiology of hepatitis A in India underscores the importance of strengthening vaccination strategies. Addressing policy, awareness, and accessibility barriers may improve vaccine uptake and reduce disease burden. Adoption of inactivated hepatitis A vaccines may help reduce disease burden, with TZ84 strain–based vaccine representing a reliable option for sustained protection.