Publication:

A case control study in BMC Sagar to identify the risk factors for heart failure in patients with recently diagnosed myocardial infarction

Background This study was conducted to identify the risk factors for heart failure (HF) in recently diagnosed myocardial infarction (MI) patients in Bundelkhand region of Madhya Pradesh, India.

Methods In this hospital-based, case-control study, the participants were all new myocardial infarction patients hospitalized from April 2016 to March 2017 in Bundelkhand Medical College (BMC) and associated hospital Sagar, Madhya Pradesh. There were 1,691 new cases with heart failure and 6,764 patients without heart failure as controls. Controls were selected randomly as per incidence density sampling. Odds ratios (ORs) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) was calculated to identify potential risk factors, using conditional logistic regression models.

Results The mortality rate was 18.2% in the cases and (12.1%) in the controls (p<0.05). Important risk factors for heart failure were: stroke (OR, 2.00; 95% CI, 1.39 to 2.89), and right bundle branch block (RBBB) (OR, 2.86; 95% CI, 1.95 to 4.19). The factors significantly associated with heart failure Diabetes, hypertension, atrial fibrillation, ventricular tachycardia, and age. Incidence (p<0.05). Significant factor in women was diabetes (OR, 1.41; 95% CI, 1.05 to 1.88) while in men age, hypertension, and RBBB are important.

Conclusions This study might help to identify and monitor the predictive risk factors for heart failure in myocardial infarction patients. The type of risk factors was different in men and women.