Publication:

Estimation of serum testosterone concentration in type 2 diabetic males

Background A high incidence of hypogonadism in men with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus has been globally reported. The present study was aimed at determining the frequency of hypogonadism in T2DM males. Screening and management of hypogonadism in Diabetic males should be done.

Methods In this case control study conducted from January 2018 to August 2019 at SGRDIMSR Sri Amritsar 100 Type 2 Diabetic males were taken as cases. 50 age matched nondiabetic males were taken as controls. Apart from BMI and waist hip ratio routine investigations, HbA1C, serum total and free testosterone levels were done. All the subjects were subjected to ADAM questionnaire to evaluate for hypogonadism.

Results Majority of subjects were in the age of 40-50 years. Mean Serum Total Testosterone levels in Study and Control Groups were 4.94±5.32 nmol/L and 6.63±4.54 nmol/L respectively (p=0.045). Mean Serum Free Testosterone levels in Study and Control Groups were 4.12±3.43 pg/ml and 6.05±3.24 pg/ml respectively (p=0.001). A statistically highly significant negative correlation was found between BMI and Serum Testosterone levels in both groups. Prevalence of hypogonadism (Total Testosterone <4.56 nmol/L) in Study and Control Groups was 73% and 58% respectively. Sensitivity and specificity of ADAM questionnaire was found to be 78.46% and 94.29 % respectively.

Conclusions Prevalence of hypogonadism among T2DM males is high. So, screening for hypogonadism should be done. ADAM questionnaire can be used as a screening tool, results must be confirmed with Serum Total Testosterone levels.