Publication:

Prevalence and neonatal outcomes of preterm born at Garissa county referral hospital, Kenya

Background Despite the significance of late preterm and early term neonates in neonatal health, comprehensive data on their prevalence, morbidity, mortality, and associated maternal sociodemographic and economic characteristics is grossly lacking in Garissa County, Kenya. This study aimed to determine the prevalence, morbidity, and mortality of late preterm (LPN) and early term neonates (ETN) born at Garissa County Referral Hospital (GCRH), relative to full-term neonates (FTN).

Methods Singleton live neonates in the three groups were enrolled. Prevalence was computed as percentages of births in each category relative to total singleton live births during the study period. Ordinal logistic regression analysis was used to assess morbidity patterns, with statistical significance set at p 0.05). LPNs had lower odds of respiratory distress diagnosis on day 1 compared to ETNs (OR=-1.68896; 95% CI: -3.012335 to -0.365593; p=0.012). Mortality rates were comparable among gestational age categories (p=0.649).

Conclusions Overall, the study shows that LPN and ETN are considerably prevalent in Garissa County and that, only maternal age impacts on gestational age. Targeted interventions, particularly for younger mothers, should be implemented to mitigate associated risks and improve neonatal outcomes.