Publication:

Effects of a school-based group exercise program on depressive symptoms in adolescents with overweight and obesity: a quasi-experimental study

Background Adolescent obesity and depression are escalating public health concerns. However, evidence regarding the efficacy of supervised group-based exercise specifically for adolescents with comorbid overweight/obesity and depression remains limited. Objectives were to evaluate the effectiveness of a moderate-intensity group-based aerobic exercise program on depressive symptoms and nutritional status in high-risk adolescents.

Methods This quasi-experimental study enrolled 48 junior high school students in Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya, Thailand, who presented with overweight or obesity [BMI-for-age Z-score (BAZ) >+1 SD] and mild-to-moderate depression [Children’s depression inventory (CDI) score ≥16]. Participants engaged in a supervised aerobic exercise program (30 minutes/session, 3 times/week) for 4 weeks. Outcomes, including CDI scores, body mass index (BMI), and waist circumference, were assessed at baseline, week 4, and week 12. Data were analyzed using the Friedman test and Wilcoxon signed-rank test with Bonferroni correction.

Results At the 12-week follow-up, CDI scores significantly decreased compared to baseline (p=0.016). Similarly, a significant reduction in BMI was observed (p=0.002). Although a significant overall variation in waist circumference was detected (p=0.006), pairwise comparisons did not reach statistical significance after correction.

Conclusions A school-based, supervised group exercise program effectively reduced depressive symptoms and BMI in adolescents with co-occurring obesity and depression. This intervention serves as a promising adjunctive strategy for integrated mental and physical health promotion within school health systems and primary care networks.