Publication:

Prevalence of gastroesophageal reflux disease and its associated factors among professional college students in North Kerala

Background Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a condition wherein reflux of gastric contents produces troublesome symptoms and complications, significantly impacting quality of life. The objective is to determine the prevalence of gastroesophageal reflux disease and its associated factors among professional college students in North Kerala. To assess its symptom severity.

Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted among 320 professional college students aged ≥18 years in North Kerala during a period of one year using stratified multistage random sampling. Data were collected through a semi-structured self-administered questionnaire. GERD was assessed using the validated Frequency Scale for the Symptoms of GERD, with a score >8 considered diagnostic. Data were analysed using SPSS. Appropriate statistical tests were applied; p< 0.05 was considered significant.

Results The mean age was 20.85 ± 1.83 years with equal gender distribution. The prevalence of GERD was 38% (121), higher among medical students (24.6%) than engineering students (13.4%). Mild, moderate, and severe symptoms were observed in 20.4%, 13.1%, and 4.4% respectively. Significant association were found between GERD and medical stream, hostel stay, co-morbidities, family history, stress, regular medication and analgesic use, unhealthy dietary habits life frequent hotel meals and aerated drinks. Physical activity showed a protective effect.

Conclusions GERD prevalence was 38% among professional college students, particularly higher among medical students. Lifestyle factors, stress, and certain medical conditions were significantly associated, while physical activity was protective. Promoting healthy diet, regular exercise, and stress management may reduce risk.