Publication:

Comparative hematological parameters at admission in Kyasanur forest disease: a single centre study in Goa

Background Kyasanur forest disease (KFD) is a tick-borne viral hemorrhagic fever endemic to southern India. This study describes the clinical profile and hematological parameters of confirmed KFD cases in a tertiary care center in Goa.

Methods A retrospective observational study was conducted at Goa Medical College, from June 2016 to June 2017. Medical records of adult patients with reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)-confirmed KFD were reviewed. Demographic data, clinical features, and laboratory parameters were analyzed descriptively. Patients with incomplete medical records or non-confirmed diagnoses were excluded.

Results A total of 57 patients were enrolled, with female predominance 36 (63.2%) and a mean age of 41.6±15.7 years. Fever was universal, with gastrointestinal and myalgia symptoms. Bleeding occurred in 10 (17.5%), and neurological involvement developed in 30% by day 5–6. Leucopenia was documented in 52 (91.2%), neutropenia in 48 (84.2%), and thrombocytopenia in 40 (70.2%). Transaminitis was observed in 51 (90.2%), while hyperbilirubinemia and renal dysfunction were rare. Most patients recovered by day 7; one death occurred due to pneumonia-related complications.

Conclusion KFD is characterized by early cytopenias and hepatic involvement following a predictable temporal pattern. Early diagnosis and phase-specific monitoring are essential to optimize outcomes.