Publication:

Investigating the correlation between solar activity and human health outcomes

Background Solar activity, characterized by sunspots and solar cycles, has been hypothesized to influence human health outcomes. This study investigates the correlation between solar activity and health outcomes, including cardiovascular, neurological, and heat-related mortality.

Methods This observational ecological study analyzed solar activity data from 1950 to 2024, including sunspot numbers and geomagnetic indices (Kp). Health outcomes were obtained from the WHO mortality database, stratified by latitude. Statistical analysis included correlation, regression, and stratified analysis to assess the relationships while accounting for confounders such as temperature anomalies and air pollution.

Results Geomagnetic activity (Kp Index) showed a significant correlation with cardiovascular (r=0.72, p<0.001) and neurological mortality (r=0.65, p<0.01). Sunspot numbers correlated with heat-related mortality (r=0.48, p=0.03). Regression analysis revealed that geomagnetic activity was the strongest predictor of cardiovascular outcomes, with a coefficient of 14.18 (p<0.001).

Conclusions Geomagnetic activity significantly impacts cardiovascular and neurological health. Public health strategies should consider monitoring solar activity to mitigate risks during extreme geomagnetic events.