Publication:

A clinical study of inhalant allergens in patients with allergic rhinitis

Background The basis of diagnosis of allergy requires a good history and examination, however, the diagnosis cannot be confirmed on the basis of symptoms alone, because both allergic and non-allergic conditions can present with similar symptoms. Hence, allergy testing in the form of specific IgE (sIgE) measurement is an important aid in demonstrating both the presence and severity of such an allergy. The present study was undertaken to find out the common environmental allergens prevailing in Raichur causing allergic rhinitis, using carbohydrate cross reactive determinants (CCD), an in vitro test with high degree of sensitivity.

Methods The present prospective study was conducted among 30 patients with allergic rhinitis. A detailed general andENT examination were done, X-ray ofPNS, CT scan ofPNS, diagnostic nasal endoscopy and nasal smear examination for eosinophils, absolute eosinophil count and serum IgE levels using  Euroimmun system of in vitro assay of specific IgE antibodies.

Results Allergy to dust mite, D. faranie, corn, carnation flower, sunflower, sheep wool and straw dust were the most frequent allergens causing allergic symptoms among patients in Raichur area.  Total serum IgE was elevated in all the patients, 60% were allergic to dust mite as found by anti CCD specific IgE.

Conclusions Antibodies to dust mite D. faranie, rye, T. mothy grass was the commonest finding. Identification of inhalant allergens is an important factor in prevention and treatment of allergic rhinitis.