Publication:

A study of intrauterine fetal death in a tertiary care hospital

Background Intra uterine fetal death (IUFD) is the most traumatic event for the parents and the treating obstetrician. If the causes of IUFD can be found, an effective strategy for prevention can be formulated. This study was done to study the etiological factors and other determinants of IUFD.

Methods A retrospective observational study was carried out in M. S. Ramaiah medical college and teaching hospital, Bangalore, India between December 2011 to December 2014. 120 cases of IUFD were included in this study.

Results Out of 4103 deliveries that occurred during the study period, there were 120 IUFD (2.9%). 52 cases (43.3%) were referral cases. Majority were multigravida(n=73,60.8%) aged less than 30 years (n=96,80%) with 28 to 36 weeks period of gestation(n=66,55%).91 patients had presented with absent fetal movements(75.8%).In 25% of the cases(n=30) there was preeclampsia and in 21.6% (n=26)of the cases there were no causes determined.99.1%(n=119) delivered by vaginal route.

Conclusions The leading cause of IUFD in our study was preeclampsia. Majority of the cases were referred and they did not have regular antenatal checkups. A bigger impact in reduction of IUFD can be achieved if the importance of antenatal care can be stressed upon at the community level.